Post‐orogenic sediment drape in the Northern Pyrenees explained using a box model     

Thomas Bernard  Hugh D. Sinclair  Mark Naylor  Frdric Christophoul  Mary Ford 《Basin Research》2021,33(1):118-137

The transition to a post‐orogenic state in mountain ranges has been identified by a change from active subsidence to isostatic rebound of the foreland basin. However, the nature of the interplay between isostatic rebound and sediment supply, and their impact on the topographic evolution of a range and foreland basin during this transition, has not been fully investigated. Here, we use a box model to explore the syn‐ to post‐orogenic evolution of foreland basin/thrust wedge systems. Using a set of parameter values that approximate the northern Pyrenees and the neighbouring Aquitaine foreland basin, we evaluate the controls on sediment drape over the frontal parts of the retro‐wedge following cessation of crustal thickening. Conglomerates preserved at approximately 600‐m elevation, which is ~ 300 m above the present mountain front in the northern Pyrenees are ca. 12 Ma, approximately 10 Myrs younger than the last evidence of crustal thickening in the wedge. Using the model, this post‐orogenic sediment drape is explained by the combination of a sustained, high sediment influx from the range into the basin relative to the efflux out of the basin, combined with cessation of the generation of accommodation space through basin subsidence. Post‐orogenic sediment drape is considered a generic process that is likely to be responsible for elevated low‐gradient surfaces and preserved remnants of continental sedimentation draping the outer margins of the northern Pyrenean thrust wedge.  相似文献   

大陆逃逸构造研究现状   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

张宇  施炜 《地质力学学报》2018,24(2):145-156

大陆逃逸构造是陆内构造变形主要方式之一,系统总结分析逃逸构造形成机制,对建立大陆构造模式、认识大陆构造变形机理具有重要意义。基于目前发现的大陆逃逸构造,总结并提出了其力学机制、构造模型以及研究方法。大陆逃逸构造是板块碰撞后期在共轭的"Ⅴ"字形构造控制下发展而来的重要构造形式,协调了构造应力机制的转变。在力学机制方面,逃逸构造"Ⅴ"字型断裂带符合PGS模型（paired general-shear model）和先存构造活动性准则,该准则是基于库伦—摩尔准则和摩擦滑动律的扩展;构造模型方面,侧向逃逸和斜向挤出模式是逃逸构造的基本模型;研究方法方面,构造解析仍然是建立逃逸构造的基本方法,利用构造模拟进一步再现其变形过程与动力学机制是其必要的研究方法。   相似文献   

燕山西部尚义盆地沉积岩区专题地质填图方法与成果     

许欢  柳永清  旷红伟  彭楠  江小均 《地质通报》2017,36(11):1893-1918

燕山运动是中国东部晚中生代重要的陆内造山运动,具有广泛而深远的地质影响。虽然前人对燕山运动的研究已近百年,积累了大量研究成果,然而目前对于燕山造山带的陆内造山过程仍存在很大争议。针对这一科学问题,选取燕山西部尚义盆地开展了1∶5万专题地质填图。在此基础上,通过盆地充填序列、岩相、沉积环境、物源的综合分析,恢复了盆地岩相古地理,建立了盆地演化模型,并探讨了燕山造山带陆内造山过程的沉积响应。根据沉积岩区岩相组合填图方法,绘制了1∶5万组-相级岩相分布图。燕山西部尚义盆地侏罗纪—早白垩世早期沉积演化记录了燕山造山带造山前伸展、同造山挤压和造山后伸展的全过程。  相似文献   

盆山关系研究的基本思路、内容和方法   总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18  

刘少峰  张国伟 《地学前缘》2005,12(3):101-111

盆地和造山带作为大陆岩石圈表面发育的两个基本构造单元,在空间上相互依存,在物质上相互转换和在地表形态上相互调整、均衡,两者具有密切的耦合关系。不同时期原始盆山结构、山脉变形样式、盆地充填格架及主要构造带、构造地块展布是盆山关系研究的几何学问题;山盆之间的叠加、转换和迁移历史,山脉基底和盖层剥露过程、折返机制,隆升过程,盆地的沉降方式、沉积记录和物源类型,造山带剥蚀物质的去向,山脉剥蚀量,造山带的增生方式等是盆山关系研究的运动学问题;盆山系统反映出的造山过程、区域动力学背景、深部流变学机制和调整过程及盆山演化动力模拟是盆山关系研究的动力学问题和最终目标。盆山关系研究的内容可初步确定为,不同时期的盆山几何配置关系,盆地层序地层序列与多幕构造控制关系,盆地沉积物物源与山脉剥露过程关系,盆地沉降与山脉隆升关系,地表过程与构造作用关系,盆山系统演化动力学。  相似文献   

Records of Indosinian Orogenesis in Lhasa Terrane, Tibet     

Li Huaqi  Xu Zhiqin  Yang Jingsui  Cai Zhihui  Chen Songyong  Tang Zemin 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2009,20(2)

Based on the deformation characteristics of the ductile shear zones in Sumdo (松多) Group, the quartz fabric by EBSD (electron backscatter diffraction), the data of muscovite 40Ar-39Ar geochronology (220-230 Ma) from ductile shear zones and the zircon SHRIMP U-Pb chronology (190 Ma) of granites in Snmdo region, Lhasa (拉萨) terrane is thought to have experienced an important Indosinian orogenic event at 220-230 Ma, which caused the closure of the paleo-Tethys Ocean along the tectonic zone of eclogite and the collision between northern part and southern part of the Lhasa terrane. The zircon SHRIMP U-Pb chronology of 190 Ma for biotite adamellite, with the distributing characteristics of the granite massif intruding in Sumdo Group, indicates that the biotite adamellitc should be the late orogenic or post-orogenic granite resulting from the lndosinian orogenesis. The discovery of Indosinian orogenic belt in Lhasa terrane expansed the southern boundary of lndosinian orogenic belt in Qinghai (青海)-Tibet plateau to Lhasa terrane from Qiangtang (羌塘) terrane, which changed the understanding about the distribution of Indosinian orogenic belt in Qinghai-Tibet plateau and extended the "T" type lndosinian orogenic belt in China. The study is very important for the formation and distribution of paleo-Tethys Ocean in Tibet. The ancient terrane framework and evolution of Qinghai-Tibet plateau need further research.  相似文献   

西天山的增生造山过程   总被引：63，自引：2，他引：61  

高俊  钱青  龙灵利  张喜  李继磊  苏文 《地质通报》2009,28(12):1804-1816

西天山位于中亚造山带的西南缘,经历了复杂的增生造山过程。它也是标志塔里木地块北部被动陆缘与西伯利亚地块南侧宽阔活动陆缘最后拼合的构造带。根据近年来的研究进展,将西天山划分为北天山弧增生体、伊犁地块北缘活动陆缘、伊犁地块、伊犁地块南缘活动陆缘、中天山复合弧地体、西天山（高压）增生楔和塔里木北部被动大陆边缘。同时综述了西天山蛇绿岩、高压变质岩、花岗岩类的年代学新资料,讨论了其增生造山的过程。西天山增生造山与早古生代帖尔斯克依古洋、早古生代晚期—晚古生代南天山洋和晚古生代北天山洋3个代表洋盆的演化相关,增生造山结束的时间可能是早石炭世末。二叠纪时期,西天山至整个中亚地区进入后碰撞演化阶段。现有资料证实西天山为晚古生代增生造山带,并非三叠纪碰撞造山带。  相似文献   

Sedimentary response to the intracontinental orogenic process: insight from the anatomy of a small Mesozoic basin in western Yanshan,northern North China     

《International Geology Review》2012,54(12):1528-1556

ABSTRACT

The intra-continental orogeny and tectonic evolution of the Mesozoic Yanshan fold-thrust belt (YFTB) in the northern North China Craton (NCC) have been strongly debated. Here, we focus on the Shangyi basin, located in the centre of the YFTB. An integrated analysis of sedimentary facies, palaeocurrents, clast compositions, and detrital zircon dating of sediments was adopted to determine the palaeogeography, provenance, basin evolution, and intra-continental orogenic process. The Shangyi basin comprises the well-exposed Early–early Middle Jurassic Xiahuayuan Formation and the Longmen Formation, and the Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous Tuchengzi Formation. Based on the 18 measured sections, five facies associations – including alluvial fan, fluvial, delta, lacustrine, and eolian facies – have been identified and described in detail. The onset of the Shangyi basin was filled with fluvial, deltaic, and lacustrine deposits controlled by the normal fault bounding the northern basin, corresponding to the pre-orogeny. In the Middle Jurassic, the cobble–boulder conglomerates of alluvial fan, as molasse deposits, were compatible with the syn-orogeny of the Yanshan movement, which played a critical role in northern North China and even East Asia. After the depositional break in the Middle–Late Jurassic, the Shangyi basin, controlled by the normal fault present in the north of the basin, re-subsided and quickly expanded southward with thick sedimentation, which is correlative with the post-orogeny. Combined with A-type granites, metamorphic core complexes, mafic dikes, and rift basins of the Late Jurassic–early Early Cretaceous present in the northern NCC and Mongolia, significant extension was widespread in the northern NCC and even in northeast Asia. Moreover, vertical changes of provenance indicate that the Taihang Mountain and the Inner Mongolia palaeo-uplift (IMPU) present at the west and north of the basin, respectively, experienced uplift twice in the Middle–Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous, resulting in a regional depositional break.  相似文献   

上扬子陆块西南缘早—中元古代造山运动的地质记录   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

尹福光  孙志明  任光明  王冬兵 《地质学报》2012,86(12):1917-1932

早—中元古代,上扬子陆块西南缘发育有河口群—大红山群、东川群、昆阳群—会理群为代表的3套浅变质火山-沉积岩系.已有的岩石学、地球化学、年代同位素数据指示了其大地构造格架及其演化史.在早—中元古代地层所夹的火山岩中,获得了4组SHRIMP U-Pb岩浆锆石年龄:1800～1600Ma、1600～1300Ma、1300～1100Ma、1100～1000Ma.结合沉积相、常量、微量、稀土元素地球化学分析,证明了上扬子陆块西南缘在早—中元古代也相应历经了4个演化阶段.1800～1600Ma,在大红山地区、河口地区、东川汤丹地区形成近东西向的裂谷盆地.1600～1300Ma,在东川因民地区表现为—被动陆缘下的伸张环境.1300～1100Ma,在菜籽园—麻塘地区为板内裂谷-洋盆,老武山地区为裂谷盆地.1100～1000Ma阶段,菜籽园-麻塘裂谷-洋盆向北俯冲或向北向南双向俯冲,在北边的天宝山地区和南边的富良棚地区形成火山岛弧,同时在扬子西缘也出现了1.0Ga左右(1007±14～1014±8 Ma)的同造山或同碰撞型花岗岩,表明此时康滇地区已经拼贴到一起,并与整个上扬子陆块Rodinia超大陆形成同步.  相似文献   

鄂拉山查查香卡地区晚三叠世火山岩产出环境分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

芦文泉  童海奎  仓索南尖措  马永胜 《西北地质》2012,45(1):48-55

通过对查查香卡地区晚三叠世火山岩岩石学研究,确定该套火山岩属晚三叠世鄂拉山组,属钙碱性系列。喷出时的大地构造环境为陆内造山环境,该火山岩最初可能形成于大陆边缘环境,由于A型俯冲构造活动,测区乃至鄂拉山地区产生一系列右旋走滑断裂带,受北西向右旋走滑断裂的影响,岩石孔隙加大,并出现强烈的热流活动,导致岩浆沿这些断裂带喷出地表。  相似文献   

论全球性中-新生代陆内造山作用与造山带   总被引：29，自引：4，他引：25  

崔盛芹 《地学前缘》1999,6(4):283-293

对不同类型造山作用与造山带的深入剖析,在现代地学研究中占有重要的位置。迄今对造山带类型划分以及陆内（ 板内） 造山带是否存在及其形成机制问题,尚有不同认识。文章在阐明造山带分类准则的基础上,将全球性中－ 新生代造山带划分为陆缘型、陆间型与陆内型三大类。对陆内造山带则划分出发育在前寒武纪古克拉通基础上、发育在前中生代陆缘、陆间造山带基础上两种类型。文内还对全球性中－ 新生代陆内造山作用与造山带的展布特点、形成机制及其大陆动力学意义进行概括论述  相似文献